Best Solar Panels

Spirit’s solar panels

We are independent installers of solar panels; we’re not tied to any individual panel manufacturer. We have chosen a range of manufacturers to work with, based on the quality of their product, their warranties and the support that they provide. We are therefore in a position to recommend the best solar panels for your project and source them at a very competitive price.

If you would like to be talked through your options, we've created a video on the best solar panels which you can view here.

Our panel range varies slightly with availability, but in broad terms, the core of the range is as follows. Note that all of these are monocrystalline or Maxeon (Sunpower); we can also offer polycrystalline, which we would classify as a 'low' tier / price point.

*Note that each panel is produced in a 'series' and on the datasheet you will see a range of outputs e.g. for REC Alpha Pure-R, the datasheet shows 400W/410W/420W and 430W. We are currently selling the 420W because that is most readily available in the market.

** Note that JA Solar panels and SunPower panels can be paired with GSE  mounting for in-roof projects, giving three options for in-roof systems. The output will typically be 5% lower for an in-roof system due to reduced ventilation of the panels (and thus higher operating temperature). 

Choosing the best solar panels for your project

Overall, we believe the best solar panels on the market are made by SunPower. They are superior in efficiency, lifetime output, and aesthetics. They also have a panel with a  40 year warranty, although limitations apply (see our SunPower page).

AIKO panels are our second choice when it comes to quality and efficiency. AIKO is a Chinese company, established in 1993. Their panels are very popular with our domestic customers, combining aesthetics and good efficiency. They come with a less than standard 15 year product warranty but importantly have a low rate of degradation, and come with a performance warranty promising 86% output after 30 years, longer than most competitors. AIKO are a leader in innovation, having several laboratories and are a pioneer in the latest generation of n-type panels.

With the exception of Sunpower panels, most solar panels are assembled from solar cells made in a relatively small number of factories in China, and, in our view, one panel is pretty much like another. Indeed, even many of the German panels are made from cells made in China and ‘packaged and branded’ in Germany. Thus while your warranty will be with a German company, the German product is pretty much identical to its Chinese counterpart, but more expensive.

Since many of the Chinese suppliers have a global presence, and re-insure their warranties with German insurance companies, you may as well buy Chinese solar panels if you are not going for the very high efficiency ones. As the technology is advancing so rapidly, the 'best' makes and models are constantly in shift so it's a case of assessing each project individually and recommending the best currently available panels at the best price. 

Which solar panel?

In general there are five main considerations in choosing a panel:

1. Efficiency measured in watts per square metre (see examples in the above table).

2. Cost per watt.

3. Performance warranty and degradation.

4. Strength of the manufacturer – will they be around to honour the warranty?

5. Colour and size. Sometimes, more output can be achieved with one panel, simply because the particular panel dimensions allow a greater roof area to be filled.

In the table above, you can see how these factors vary with our core panels. Below we have summarised some of these factors vary more generally, by different types of cell technology.

The key considerations in choosing a panel are as follows:

1. Efficiency, measured in watts per square metre (W/m²)

In other words, how much space do you need to get a given level of output?

As you can see from the table, HIT & monocrystalline panels are the most efficient on average. However, there are also some very high efficiency pure monocrystalline panels available - see also the table above under Spirit's solar panels.

HIT panels use a different patented technology, which gives approximately 10% more power per square metre than the bulk of the solar panels on the market. From the table you can see that this technology yields around 226 W/m² compared to around 208 W/m² for standard monocrystalline panels, and less for polycrystalline panels. The downside is that they currently cost around 50% more per watt – so for a 4 kWp system you will pay around £750 more if you choose mono/hybrid panels.

If you are wondering whether to buy high efficiency or not, ask yourself what you are trying to maximise: the total power you can squeeze out of your roof or your financial return? If your objective is simply to maximise the power output from your available roof space without regard to budget, especially if your roof space is limited, then you should choose high efficiency panels. Otherwise we would recommend focusing on financial return and aesthetics as the primary factors to focus on. To compare financial return you need to estimate the performance of the panels over their life, in the field. One important point is that mono/hybrid panels (e.g. SunPower) tend to have a lower degradation level implicit in their warranty - roughly 0.25% per year compared to the standard 0.55% per year for Trina and JA Solar monocrystalline panels (see point 3 below).  Furthermore, in the case of Sunpower, this 0.25% maximum degradation per year is guaranteed for 40 years! Something which none of the other manufacturers guarantee.

For more information on the most efficient solar panels, see below.

2. What is the cost?

The Chinese panels (e.g. Trina, JA Solar) are generally the least expensive and offer the best value, combining good efficiency and a strong warranty with insurance backing, so if cost is the primary concern then this is the recommended route. An exception to this rule is that if the installation costs are high e.g. complicated roof, then it may be more cost-effective overall to use higher efficiency panels as it will minimise the other costs.

As all of our systems are bespoke designed, we are able to advise on, and fit, almost any panel that is commercially available. If you are looking for a panel from a specific manufacturer please ask as we can probably source it for you. And if you want a comparative quote between two systems, all you have to do is ask…

3. Performance degradation and performance warranty

The performance of solar panels is expected to decline over their 25 year life. The minimum performance warranty guarantees that a panel will produce at least 80% of its initial output after 25 years and at least 90% of its initial output after 10 years.

Most manufacturers now do considerably better than this, as can be seen in the tables above.

SunPower has the best warranties on the market. First of all Sunpower guarantees that you will receive 92%+ after 25 years, and 88% after 40 years. Basically, they guarantee maximum 0.25% annual degradation, whereas Trina and JA Solar for example, guarantee maximum 0.55% annual degradation.

This leads to a 4% output increase over the first 25 years.

Also SunPower guarantees some contribution to the cost of panel replacement, although limitations apply. As always, the devil is in the detail of every warranty.

4. Strength of manufacturer

In the unlikely event that it will need to be called upon, do you feel comfortable that the 25 year guarantee will be upheld by the manufacturer? There are many solar panel manufacturers and there is generally an over supply of solar panels across the global market. Some of the players may not be around to honour their warranties in the long term and it is therefore worth giving thought to who the stronger players are. It is also worth choosing a manufacturer offering insurance of their warranty. We feel comfortable with all of the manufacturers whose panels we supply but the only thing that we can guarantee about the next 25 years is that the sun will rise in the morning!

5. Colour and size

Finally, although the vast majority of panels are virtually identical in size, the dimensions of some solar panels may work better on your roof than others. Also, you may have a preference for the colour of the cells (essentially blue or black) and the frame & visible backsheet (silver or black).

The most efficient solar panels

We are often asked for the most efficient solar panels on the market. Not only do high performance solar panels tend to be superior in quality with superior warranties, they also achieve a greater output per square meter.

One important innovation in the last few years is the n-type solar panel. Until about 2022, most panels were p-type but the n-type panel is now the standard due to its higher efficiency and significantly reduced light induced degradation, giving a significant uplift to panel efficiencies across the board.

The solar cells that make up a solar panel are ultimately confined to a physical limit in the efficiency that they can convert sunlight into electricity. This limit, as applies to the single p-n junction silicon cells found in commercial panels, is approximately 32% (equivalent to 320 W/m² as standard test condition is 1000 W/m²).

In reality, achieving this level of efficiency in a solar panel is not possible due to losses associated with practical issues such as reflection off the front surface and light blockage from the metallic top contacts. Consequently, the standard efficiency for commercially available panels comes in at around 20%. There are some manufacturers who do a little better than this, however. Here is our list of the most efficient solar panels on the market:

• Top of the list for high efficiency solar panels is SunPower, the long-time global PV leader based in Silicon Valley. SunPower produces a range of residential solar panels with efficiencies exceeding 22%. Its most efficient panel, the 360 Wp X22 series, has an average panel efficiency of 22.2%, making it the most efficient commercially available panel there is.
• Best of the rest includes AIKO, with efficiencies of up to 23.1%, but has a higher degradation rate than the SunPower panels. 
• Finally, the last worthy mention goes to Panasonic, whose innovative heterojunction cell technology once dominated the high efficiency solar panel market. 

More information is given on our page dedicated to high efficiency solar panels.

What are Tier 1 panels?

You may have heard of 'Tier 1' panels. Indeed many projects specify that Tier 1 panels must be used. In case you are wondering what Tier 1 means, here is a quick explanation...

As a means to introduce some form of differentiation between the many solar module manufacturers on the market, Bloomberg New Energy Finance developed a tiering system that reflects the 'bankability' of manufacturers. Bloomberg determines this criterion based on their database of past photovoltaic projects (over 1.5 MW) financed by banks. The tiering is reviewed every quarter as new information is added to the database.

Bloomberg defines Tier 1 module manufacturers as "those which have provided own-brand, own-manufacture products to six different projects, which have been financed non-recourse by six different (nondevelopment) banks, in the past two years". Bloomberg does not publish a Tier 2 or 3 list.

It is important to note that the classification is purely a measure of industry acceptance, and is not a guarantee of product quality or financial stability. As such, we do not limit our offering to Tier 1 panels exclusively; however, we only quote for products from reputable manufacturers and that suit the requirements of each individual project.

Bifacial solar panels

A technology on the rise - bifacial or double-sided solar panels expose cells on the front and back of the panels to capture reflected light. While this isn't practical when mounted flush against a roof, this can lead to increased output on flat roof and ground-mount installations. Find out more in our bifacial solar guide.

Black solar panels

Many of our customers ask for black solar panels, to the extent that we think black solar panels deserve a paragraph of their own.

In the absence of an economical alternative to standard frame panels (e.g. solar tiles/slates), we believe that the most cost-effective aesthetic choice available to customers is an 'all-black' panel installed in-roof. All-black panels use black monocrystalline cells and have a black frame and back-sheet, giving them a neater finish. They contrast particularly well with dark slate and concrete tile roofs.

Our favourite black solar panels for in-roof applications are those of JA Solar and Viridian Solar (below).

Installing panels in-roof, however, is only really suitable for new builds or properties undergoing roof refurbishment. Luckily when it comes to on-roof installations, there is now quite a range of black panels; we tend to specify black or black frame as standard.

Learn more in our blog post on black solar panels.